Passive Voice

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Passive Voice



    Passive voice is a form of sentence in which the subject takes action, not takes action. Unlike an active voice that focuses on the party carrying out the action, this form focuses more on the party or object that receives the result of an action (the recipient of the action).
Passive voice is a form of sentence where the subject of the sentence takes action, not takes action. Unlike active voice which focuses on the party doing the action (doer of action), this form focuses more on the party or object that receives the result of an action (receiver of action).

Active My parents plant some flowers
(Actor)
Passive Some flowers are planted by my parents
(Receiver of action)


Passive Voice Formulas






Examples
  • The passive voice is used frequently. (= we are interested in the passive voice, not in who uses it.)
  • The house was built in 1654. (= we are interested in the house, not in who built it.)
  • The road is being repaired. (= we are interested in the road, not in the people who are doing the repairs.)

Sometimes we use the passive voice because we don't know or do not want to express who performed the action.

Examples
  • I noticed that a window had been left open.
  • Every year thousands of people are killed on our roads.
  • All the cookies have been eaten.
  • My car has been stolen!

PassiveActive
A great deal of meaning is conveyed by a few well-chosen words.A few well-chosen words convey a great deal of meaning.
Our planet is wrapped in a mass of gases.A mass of gases wrap around our planet.
Waste materials are disposed of in a variety of ways.The city disposes of waste materials in a variety of ways.

If we want to say who or what performs the action while using the passive voice, we use the preposition by. When we know who performed the action and are interested in him, it is always better to switch to the active voice instead.

PassiveActive
"A Hard Day's Night" was written by the Beatles.The Beatles wrote "A Hard Day's Night".
The movie ET was directed by Spielberg.Spielberg directed the movie ET.
This house was built by my father.My father built this house.

Read more about the passive voice and active equivalents for all English verb tenses.

Forming the passive voice

The passive voice in English is composed of two elements:
the appropriate form of the verb 'to be' + past participle

AffirmativeNegativeInterrogativeNegative interrogative
The house was built in 1899.The house wasn't built in 1899.Was the house built in 1899?Wasn't the house built in 1899?
These houses were built in 1899.These houses weren't built in 1899.Were these houses built in 1899?Weren't these houses built in 1899?


Passive voice with infinitives

The infinitive passive voice is used after modal verbs and other most verbs normally followed by an infinitive.

Examples
  • You have to be tested on your English grammar.
  • John might be promoted next year.
  • She wants to be invited to the party.
  • I expect to be surprised on my birthday.
  • You may be disappointed.

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